|
Professor Deborah Elliston
Department of Anthropology
Office phone: 607/777-2722
Science Building I, Room #114A
Binghamton University/SUNY
|
Fall 2002 Office Hours:
Thurs. 1:00-2:00 p.m. (drop by);
Tues. 1:00-2:00 p.m. (by appointment only);
other times by appointment
E-mail: elliston@binghamton.edu
|
THE ANTHROPOLOGY OF SEX AND SEXUALITIES
ANTH 221 / FALL 2002
T/Th 2:50 - 4:15 p.m., Science Library 212 |
COURSE DESCRIPTION
In this course we explore sex and sexualities from anthropological perspectives,
raising questions about the histories, meanings and uses of sexuality
in Euro-American and "non-Western" societies, and about the
place of sexuality in relationships between "the West" and "the
non-West" (colonialism, imperialism, globalization). As that suggests,
the organization of the course reflects an expansive and integrated approach
to defining and studying sexualities. This approach allows us to explore,
in different societies and at different historical moments, the interrelationships
between sexuality and, for example, understandings of the body, the person,
the community, reproduction, knowledge, hierarchy, desire, and power,
as well as sexuality's interrelationships with politics, economics, kinship,
and religion, among others. This approach also licenses us to examine
the linkages between sexuality and the development and maintenance of
race/racisms, class and gender ideologies. As part of this approach, we
will study indigenous theories of sexuality in various societies, including
the U.S., by reading ethnographic case studies which take sexuality as
a key focus. The case studies you will encounter in course readings range
from 17th century Western Europe to 19th century colonial Southeast Asia
to late 20th century Pacific Islander societies; they treat privileged
white teens in 1990s Atlanta, Georgia, and working-class transgender prostitutes
in Salvador, Brazil in that same decade. The topics they investigate range
from queer sexualities to "family values"; from scientific discourse
on sexuality to sex workers' narratives about building political organizations;
from sexualized yam exchanges in Melanesia to the U.S. Attorney General's
report on pornography. And more.
The general projects of this course are three: first, by exploring the
variability in what sexuality is and can be, to learn to pose a variety
of questions about how sexuality comes to mean in relation to other features
of social life (politics, economics, kinship, gender, stratification,
etc.). Second, to learn to analyze the assumptions -- theoretical, political,
cultural -- embedded in or surrounding sexual practice, sexual desire,
and discourses on sexuality. And, finally, to develop understandings of
human sexualities that are less wedded to and more critically engaged
with the cultural assumptions of U.S. American society.
COURSE PREQUISITES & FORMAT
This course fulfills Category "G" (Global Interdependencies)
of Binghamton University's General Education program. The core projects
of the course which relate to "Global Interdependencies" are:
exploring sex and sexuality as distinctive historical features and foundational
aspects of "Western" social organization and investigating the
unfolding of that history; exploring sex and sexuality in their varied
formulations as distinctive features of "non-Western" societies;
and exploring the siting of sexuality in the power-laden relationships
between "the West" and "the non-West."
The class format will consist of both lecture and discussion, including
regular small-group in-class discussions and various in-class exercises
designed to enhance and deepen your engagement with the course projects
and materials.
COURSE READINGS
Four required texts and one recommended text (marked with a double asterisk
[**] below) have been ordered for this course and are available for purchase
at the University bookstore. One copy of each of the required and recommended
books is also on 2-hour reserve at Bartle Library reserve reading room.
(Bartle Library also has additional copies of some of the texts available
for regular loan.)
Foucault, Michel. 1990. The History of Sexuality, Volume 1:
An Introduction. New York:
Vintage Books.
** Kempadoo, Kamala and Jo Doezema, eds. 1998. Global Sex Workers:
Rights, Resistance, Redefinition. New York: Routledge.
Kulick, Don. 1998. Travesti: Sex, Gender, and Culture among
Brazilian Transgendered Prostitutes. Chicago: University of
Chicago Press.
Lancaster, Roger N. and Micaela di Leonardo, eds. 1997. The
Gender/Sexuality Reader: Culture, History, Political Economy.
New York: Routledge.
Weiner, Annette B. 1988. The Trobrianders of Papua New Guinea.
New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, Inc.
|
In addition to the required and recommended texts, there are a handful
of articles and excerpted book chapters which are not found in any of
the course books but which are required reading at some point during the
semester. Each of these articles and book excerpts is on 2-hour reserve
at Bartle Library. (On the course schedule, these readings are flagged
by the designation, "BARTLE RESERVE.") In the case of excerpted
book chapters, both a xerox of the excerpted chapter and the book from
which the chapter is excerpted are on reserve. (That means that in addition
to finding such a reading under the name of its author, you can also find
the reading by searching under the name of the author/editor of the book
in which the chapter was published.) Because you are the one ultimately
responsible for making sure you do all assigned readings by the date they
are due (as laid out on the Course Schedule) and because this is a large
class, you will need to PLAN AHEAD TO MAKE SURE YOU READ THESE RESERVE
READINGS BY THE DATES THEY ARE ASSIGNED.
COURSE REQUIREMENTS & ASSESSMENT
Clear understanding of and thoughtful engagement with the course materials
and the course projects require coming to class and doing the assigned
reading by the date it is due (as laid out in the Course Schedule). To
encourage each of you to develop such clear understandings and thoughtful
engagements, and to allow each of you the opportunity to demonstrate your
competencies, the following will be required and determine your final
grade:
(1) Attendance. Attendance is required and will be taken at each
class meeting. You are allowed up to three absences over the semester.
If you miss more than three classes, your final grade will be reduced
by 1/3 of a letter grade for each two absences over the three allowed
absences. (If, for example, your final grade worked out to an A, and you
had a total of five absences, your final grade would be reduced by 1/3
of a letter grade for the extra two absences, and become an A-. If under
the same circumstances you had four total absences and your final grade
hovered at A/A-, the extra absence would determine an A-.) The only exception
to the three-absence limit is absence due to documented family or medical
emergencies (you are responsible for providing the appropriate documentation).
(2) Pop Quizzes. (25% of final grade). You can expect eight to
ten pop quizzes to be given over the course of the semester. These in-class
quizzes are designed to test whether you completed and understood current
or very recent assigned readings (as given in the Course Schedule).
(3) Homework Assignments. (25% of final grade) Periodically, I
will ask you to take additional time outside of class for a specific small
project: for example, reflecting on and writing a brief (1-page, for example)
response to a question I pose related to the readings, lectures, or in-class
discussions; or, for example, visiting a particular website or doing some
tailored web-based searching and then writing about your findings. There
will be eight to ten such small "homework" assignments over
the course of the semester, and they will have variable point values announced
at the time each is assigned.
(4) Midterm Exam. (25% of final grade) The Midterm Exam will be
a take-home exam that poses essay question(s) developed out of the first
half of the course readings, lectures, and in-class discussions. You will
be asked to write essay(s) responsive to the posed question(s). The Midterm
exam question(s) will be handed out about a week before the Exam is due.
The Midterm will be graded on the basis of: depth of understanding demonstrated
in the essay(s), clarity of writing, and clarity of thought demonstrated.
(5) Final Exam. (25% of final grade) The Final Exam will take place
during Final Exam Week and consist of short answer and short essay questions.
The Final Exam will be cumulative, i.e., it will cover the entire semester's
materials (readings, films, lectures, class discussions, etc.).
MISCELLANEOUS COURSE POLICIES
(1) Lateness. All written work required in this course will have
specific due dates, and failure to submit work by the date it is due will
result in late penalties. There will be a progressive reduction in the
grade given to a specific assignment, one based on the number of class
meetings between the class when the assignment was due and the class when
you ultimately submit it: your grade for a specific assignment will be
reduced by 1/3 of a letter grade for each class meeting the lateness drags
on. (If, for example, you submit homework meriting a B+ on a Thursday
that was due earlier in the week on Tuesday, your grade would be reduced
by 1/3 of a letter grade, to B; if you submit that same homework on the
following Tuesday, one week late, your grade would be reduced by a 2/3
of a letter grade, to B-.)
(2) Academic Dishonesty. The University Bulletin gives the
following definitions of plagiarism and cheating:
Plagiarism is taking and passing off as one's own the ideas, writings,
computer-generated material, etc. of others: that is, the incorporation
into one's written or oral reports of any unacknowledged published, unpublished
or oral material from the work of another. It is the right of the faculty
member to whom such reports are submitted to decide whether plagiarism
has been committed....
Cheating is using or attempting to use unauthorized materials, information
or study aids in any academic exercise.
Binghamton University has joined an on-line plagiarism and prevention
detection service, "Turnitin.com". By registering for this course,
you agree that all written work you submit may be subjected to a textual
similarity review by Turnitin.com.
(3) Appropriate Use of E-mail. Written work for this course will
not be accepted via e-mail.
ADDITIONAL COURSE SUPPORTS
(1) Listserve. A class listserve will be in place by the second
week of classes, and information on how to un/subscribe will be covered
in class once the listserve is established. You should feel free to use
the listserve to continue conversations that began in class, to initiate
discussion of current events that relate to course projects or materials,
as well as to set up discussion groups or study groups, etc..
(2) A Dynamic Classroom. There may well be times when lectures
and in-class discussions are not enough to help you to clearly understand
course materials -- readings, assignments, etc.. In large classes like
this one, it is challenging for instructors to present material in ways
that are illuminating for each and every one of the students in the lecture
hall. For these reasons and many others, please raise the questions
you have about course materials during our class meetings. In most
cases, the question you're thinking of raising is one that some of your
classmates are also mulling over. Asking questions also makes for a much
more interesting classroom: it keeps you engaged, it's interesting for
me, and it's an important aid to my ability to help you understand the
course materials.
(3) Meeting with the Teaching Staff. That said, there may also
be times when the answers you get to the questions you ask in class still
do not help you to clearly understand course materials. If you are having
difficulties with course readings or assignments, I strongly encourage
you to meet with me or with one of the course's teaching assistants to
discuss your questions or areas of confusion. Student/Instructor meetings
can be a truly valuable part of your learning process, and I hope you
will take advantage of these opportunities. My office hours are given
on the front page of this syllabus, and the teaching assistants' office
hours are given below. We can also set up appointments to meet with you
at other times if you have scheduling conflicts with our regular office
hours.
Teaching Assistants:
Megan Davidson
E-mail: mdavidson1@hotmail.com
Office: Science I, Room #236
Office hours: |
Sarah Chicone
E-mail: schicone@hotmail.com
Office: Science I, Room #232
Office hours: |
COURSE SCHEDULE
NOTE: On the Course Schedule below, "G/S Reader" refers
to The Gender/Sexuality Reader: Culture, History, Political Economy,
edited by Roger Lancaster and Micaela di Leonardo (New York: Routledge,
1997).
I. Histories of Sex in the West
| 9/03 |
Course Introductions |
| 9/05 |
Social History and the Study of Sexuality |
| |
Reading: Ross and Rapp, "Sex and Society: A Research
Note from Social History and Anthropology" in G/S Reader,
pp. 153-168. |
| 9/10 |
Foucault and the Politics of Knowledge Production |
| |
Reading: Foucault's The History of Sexuality, Volume
1: An Introduction (New York: Vintage Books, 1990), Part One and
Part Two. |
| 9/12 |
Belching, Farting, Fucking, and Other Bodily Pleasures:
A Brief History |
| |
Reading: Foucault's History of Sexuality, Part
Three and Introduction to Part Four ("The Deployment of Sexuality"). |
| 9/17 |
The Proliferation of Discourses on Sexuality |
| |
Reading: Foucault's History of Sexuality, Part
Four (Chapters 1-4) and Part Five.
(NOTE: Deadline for Adding Courses for the Fall term is 9/18/2002) |
| 9/19 |
And What About Colonialism and Racism? |
| |
Readings: Stoler, "Carnal Knowledge and Imperial
Power" in G/S Reader, pp. 13-36; and Somerville, "Scientific
Racism and the Invention of the Homosexual Body" in G/S Reader,
pp. 37-52. |
| 9/24 |
The World Made Flesh: "Scientific" Histories
of the Body |
| |
Readings: Laqueur, "Orgasm, Generation, and the
Politics of Reproductive Biology" in G/S Reader, pp. 219-234;
and Sheehan, "Victorian Clitoridectomy" in G/S Reader,
pp. 325-334. |
| 9/26 |
"Nature" |
| |
Readings: Sperling, "Baboons with Briefcases vs.
Langurs with Lipstick," in G/S Reader, pp. 249-264; and
Fox Keller, "Secrets of God, Nature, and Life" in G/S
Reader, pp. 209-218. |
| 10/01 |
Race and Sexuality: The Cultural Politics of Difference |
| |
Reading: Lutz and Collins, "The Color of Sex"
in G/S Reader, pp. 291-306. |
| 10/03 |
Comparative Productions of Race & Sexuality |
| |
Readings: Schein, "The Consumption of Color and
the Politics of White Skin in Post-Mao China" in G/S Reader,
pp. 473-486; and Harden, "The Enterprise of Empire" in G/S
Reader, pp. 487-502 |
II. Sexing Kinship & Cosmology
| 10/08 |
Bringing it All Back "Home": Sexuality &
Kinship |
| |
Reading: Gayle Rubin's "The Traffic in Women: Notes
on the 'Political Economy' of Sex," in G/S Reader, edited
by Rayna R. Reiter (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1975), pp. 157-210
(BARTLE RESERVE). |
| 10/10 |
The Politics of Kinship & Exchange |
| |
Reading: Weiner's G/S Reader (New York: Holt,
Rinehart and Winston, 1988), Introduction and Chapters One through
Three.
Video Screening: "The Trobriand Islanders of Papua New
Guinea." (1990; 52 min.) |
| 10/15 |
The Virgin Birth Debates: Reproduction and Sexuality
Among the Anthropologists |
| |
Reading: Weiner's Trobrianders, Chapters 4 and
5. |
| 10/17 |
Beauty Magic |
| |
Reading: Weiner's Trobrianders, Chapters 6 through
10. |
III. Desire, Sexuality & Gender in Critical Perspective
| 10/22 |
MIDTERM TAKE-HOME EXAM DUE |
| |
Negotiating "Sexual" Meanings: Contexts &
Questions
Reading: Excerpts from Gilbert Herdt's "Ritualized Homosexual
Behavior in the Male Cults of Melanesia, 1862-1983: An Introduction"
in Ritualized Homosexuality in Melanesia, ed. Gilbert Herdt
(Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984), pp. 1-9, (SKIM pp.
9-32), 33-41, 48, 54-73 (BARTLE RESERVE). |
| 10/24 |
Comparatively Queering Pacific Sexualities: Christianity,
Politics, and Social Change |
| |
Readings: Lisa Kahaleole Chang Hall and J. Kehaulani
Kauanui (1994), "Same-Sex Sexuality in Pacific Literature,"
Amerasia Journal 20(1):75-81 (BARTLE RESERVE); and D'Emilio's
"Capitalism and Gay Identity" in G/S Reader, pp.
169-178. |
| 10/29 |
Questions of Power and Desire in the Politics of Sexuality |
| |
Reading: Rubin's "Thinking Sex: Notes for a Radical
Theory of the Politics of Sexuality," in Pleasure and Danger:
Exploring Female Sexuality, edited by Carole S. Vance (London:
Pandora Press, 1984), pp. 267-319 (BARTLE RESERVE). |
| 10/31 |
Creating Sexually Enticing Bodies: U.S. Cultural Productions |
| |
Readings: Bordo's "'Material Girl'" in G/S
Reader, pp. 335-358; and Fausto-Sterling, "How to Build a
Man" in G/S Reader, pp. 244-248. |
| 11/05 |
Between Practice & Representation: Sexual Desire
and Sexual Risk |
| |
G/S Reader: "Frontline: Lost Children of
Rockdale County" (PBS, 2000) (90 min.).
Reading: Evelynn Hammonds' "RACE, SEX, AIDS: The Construction
of 'Other'," in Race, Class, and Gender: An Anthology,
edited by Margaret Andersen and Patricia Hill Collins (2nd ed. New
York: Wadsworth Publishing Co., 1995), pp. 402-413 (BARTLE RESERVE). |
| 11/07 |
Discourses of Sexual Risk and Sexual Danger: HIV/AIDS,
Racism, Homophobia |
| |
Readings: Margaret Cerullo and Evelynn Hammonds' (1987)
"AIDS and Africa: The Western Imagination and the Dark Continent,"
Radical America 20(7):17-23 (BARTLE RESERVE); and Patton's
"From Nation to Family: Containing African AIDS" in G/S
Reader, pp. 279-290. |
IV. Sexing the Body & Its Labors
| 11/12 |
Comparative Perspectives on Transgender |
| |
Reading: Kulick's Travesti: Sex, Gender, and Culture
among Brazilian Transgendered Prostitutes (Chicago: University
of Chicago Press, 1998), Introduction, Chapters 1 and 2. |
| 11/14 |
Political Economies of Transgender Bodies, Desires,
Practices |
| |
Reading: Kulick's Travesti, Chapters 3 and 4. |
| 11/19 |
Studying Sexualities: Fieldwork and Questions of Methods |
| |
Reading: Kulick's Travesti, Chapter 5. |
| 11/21 |
Sexual Labor: Theorizing Prostitution |
| |
Video Screening: "India Cabaret" |
| |
Readings: Kempadoo's "Introduction: Globalizing
Sex Workers' Rights," in Global Sex Workers: Rights, Resistance,
and Redefinition, edited by Kamala Kempadoo and Jo Doezema (New
York: Routledge, 1998 ), pp. 1-28; and Wijers, "Women, Labor,
and Migration" in Global Sex Workers, pp. 69-78. |
| 11/26 |
Political Economies of Sex Work: Global Comparative
Perspectives |
| |
Readings: Doezema's "Forced to Choose: Beyond the
Voluntary vs. Forced Prostitution Dichotomy" in Global Sex
Workers, pp. 34-50; Kempadoo's "Sex Workers' Organizations"
in Global Sex Workers, pp. 167-171; and Pal, et al.'s "The
Wind of Change is Whispering at Your Door: The Mahila Samanwaya Committee"
in Global Sex Workers, pp. 200-203. |
| 11/28 |
(No class meeting: Thanksgiving Break) |
| 12/03 |
Comparative Perspectives on Children's Sexuality |
| |
Readings: Montgomery's "Children, Prostitution,
and Identity: A Case Study from a Tourist Resort in Thailand"
in Global Sex Workers, pp. 139-150; and Kempadoo's "Migrations
and Tourism" in Global Sex Workers, pp. 99-103. |
| 12/05 |
The Continuing Sex Wars: Recent Cultural Politics of
Sexuality in the U.S. |
| |
Readings: Vance's "Negotiating Sex and Gender in
the Attorney General's Commission on Pornography" in G/S Reader,
pp. 440-452; and Stacey's "The Neo-Family Values Campaign"
in G/S Reader, pp. 453-470. |
| 12/10 |
TBA |
| 12/12 |
Course Conclusions & Final Exam Review |
| 12/17 |
FINAL EXAM (2:00 - 4:00 p.m., LH002) |
|